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We will introduce excerpts from past musubi magazines and books published by Seishoku Publishing.
The 6th is "Can you change your eating behavior (interview with Dr. Shoko Yamanaka)" from "Musubi Magazine June XNUMX" (XNUMX episodes).
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An American attempt to increase vegetable intake using tableware
As you can see from the “paradoxical effect of inhibition” above, there are limits to conscious behavioral change.Therefore, if you appeal to the person's latent attitude, it is possible to induce them to make better choices without being conscious of it.
For example, in the United States, where research on eating behavior is progressing, there is an attempt to eliminate obesity by using tableware to control the amount of food eaten without being conscious of it.
Prepare one plate.The plate is divided in half by a partition in the middle.In addition, only one side has a divider in the middle.So the plate is divided into two quarter spaces and one half space.
On a plate divided into three parts, ``vegetables should be placed in half, and proteins (meat, fish, soybeans, eggs, etc.) and starches (rice, potatoes, pumpkin, etc.) in each quarter. to”.Then, the amount of vegetables that can be served in the largest space will increase, and the amount of intake will also increase.
This is based on our unconscious behavioral tendency to adjust the amount of food we serve according to the available space, such as placing more food on a large plate and less food on a smaller plate.
In other words, by changing the size of the plate, the overall size of the meal can be controlled to some extent.
You can get the same effect by doing the same experiment.
Mr. Yamanaka prepared a similar dish and experimented.Since cooking is not possible in the laboratory, we arranged pre-cooked cut vegetables ("lettuce mix" and coleslaw), deep-fried chicken, potato salad, and pilaf.
After that, after a certain period of time, for the second time, I added the condition that "the half (the largest space) should always be filled with vegetables."
Among the people who cooperated in the experiment, a man in his 30s served fried chicken and pilaf in half the space for the first time. The second time was vegetables and fried in the same place. The number of deep-fried XNUMX pieces remained the same, but the amount of vegetables increased, and the potato salad was served a little more.
Just by designating a larger space for serving, the amount of vegetables increased as a whole.
Some of the people who participated in the experiment said, "I wanted more colors," such as the green of broccoli and the red of cherry tomatoes. If so, I may have increased my total vegetable intake.”
Instead of preaching the nutritional benefits of eating vegetables and instructing them to eat more, they simply told them to spread out more vegetables and they achieved their goal of increasing their vegetable intake.
By repeating this process, if you can make it a habit to serve vegetables in a large space, you will eat a lot of vegetables without realizing it.
However, in the case of Japanese food, it is not suitable for arranging it on one plate, so it is necessary to devise it.
In order not to buy and eat, go home without a convenience store
As another method to improve eating behavior by controlling environmental factors surrounding eating behavior such as tableware, Mr. Yamanaka also showed the wisdom of "patterns that do not encourage buying and eating."
If you want your child to eat properly at home without eating junk food or sweets, and you want them to stop stopping by the convenience store on their way home to buy and eat, first change the route so that they do not pass in front of the convenience store. .If you can't do that, don't give them money.We will try to solve it by "attacking from the surroundings" such as stopping stockpiling.
Another environmental factor that cannot be overlooked is the economic situation.
“Last year’s national health and nutrition survey showed that high-income people ate more vegetables and meat, while low-income people ate more carbohydrates. There is a tendency to eat a lot of carbohydrates such as sweet buns and cup noodles that swell to a certain extent.In order to change to a healthy eating behavior, it is actually the best to eliminate the economic disparity and reduce the price of vegetables that you want to increase the intake. I think"
In the UK, the government strongly instructed food manufacturers to develop a salt-reduction movement and succeeded in reducing salt intake. Such measures are not realistic.
Improve eating behavior by improving environmental factors
Of course, it is important to approach the manifest attitude, but there is also the worry that by the time the person notices it, it will already be too late.
By controlling environmental factors and working on latent attitudes, if it is possible to change behavior in a positive direction without the person being aware of it, the results will be great.
“For example, breast cancer screening is not very advanced in Japan. Even if you know that screening is good, if it costs money, it will be difficult to go, so I think that making it free of charge would be effective to some extent. I also think that increasing the number of female doctors in consideration of embarrassment would be extremely effective (to increase the screening rate).”
Mr. Yamanaka emphasizes the need to improve environmental factors, saying, "How much can the people around you lower the hurdle? We have to change it beyond the problem of the person's awareness." If you start talking about things like beauty or being too thin, you'll go in that direction, which can distort your cognition and lead to other problems, such as eating disorders, making eating difficult," he sighs.
The United States is said to be the most advanced country in research on dietary behavior, but due to differences in culture and lifestyle, the results of research in the United States cannot be directly applied to Japan.
Through repeated trial and error, Dr. Yamanaka is searching for effective ways to influence latent attitudes and lead to changes in actual behavior, such as methods similar to playing games on smartphones.
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Sachiko Yamanaka
Associate professor at Ikenobo Junior College.He is a PhD (Psychology).He is also a part-time lecturer at Kobe Shoin Women's College Faculty of Human Sciences and Kyoto Tachibana University Faculty of Human Development. In 1991, she graduated from Doshisha University, majoring in psychology. After working for a private company for three years, she went to study in France for half a year. In 3 she entered Kobe Shoin Women's Junior College.After giving birth and taking a leave of absence from school, she graduated from the same junior college in 97, majoring in food and nutrition, and obtained a license as a nutritionist. In 2000 she obtained her registered dietitian license. In 2002, he worked as an assistant in the Department of Life Sciences at Kobe Shoin Women's Gakuin University, completed the first half of the doctoral course at the Graduate School of Human Sciences at Kobe College, and completed the second half of the doctoral course at the Graduate School of Letters, Doshisha University.He took up his post at Ikenobo University in 05 and has been teaching public health, food hygiene, and food science to students who want to become confectionery hygienists.
